Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a common chronic rheumatologic disease in childhood. JIA-associated uveitis (JIA-U), an important extra-articular complication of JIA, is one of the major causes of childhood disability and blindness. It is predominantly anterior, nongranulomatous inflammation affecting the iris and ciliary body (iridocyclitis) of insidious onset. Recently, American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the Single Hub and Access point for pediatric rheumatology in Europe (SHARE) have published clinical guidelines for JIA-U. There is no guideline of diagnosis and treatment of JIA-U in China. To promote the standardization of clinical understanding and treatment, the Subspecialty Group of Immunology of the Society of Pediatrics of Chinese Medical Association, Chinese Alliance of Pediatric Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, and National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders organized experts and scholars in related fields to discuss the issue and finally formed this consensus for clinicians' reference.

Rheumatic and immunologic diseases in children may involve multiple genes and interactions between genetic and environmental factors. There are no validated biomarkers that are predictive of treatment response. Treatment is largely based on symptoms, treatment guidelines, physician experience, and medicine accessibility. The application of precision medicine in pediatric rheumatic and immunologic diseases is in its infancy. This article focuses on the progress of precision medicine in juvenile idiopathic arthritis and pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus, in order to build a precision diagnosis and treatment system for pediatric rheumatic and immunologic diseases, and improve children's quality of life.

Objective We aim to compare the perioperative blood loss and risk of allogeneic transfusion between hemophilia arthritis (HA)patients and osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) patients underwent unilateral total hip arthroplasty （ THA） under multimodal blood management measures. Methods: 26 patients with HA who underwent unilateral THA from January 1, 2010, to June 15, 2022, and met the criteria, with a mean age of (30.46±6.78) years and BMI of (23.90±4.53) kg/m², were retrospectively included; 76 patients with ONFH who underwent unilateral THA were matched according to 1:3. All were male, mean age (34.41±7.398) years, BMI (24.61±4.11) kg/m²; demographic data, median operative time, median hospital stay, preoperative and postoperative day 1 and 3 hemoglobin and hematocrit, postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit decline values, total blood loss, transfusion ratio, and complications were compared between the two groups. Results: There was significantly more total blood loss ((1927.08±956.60) mL vs. (1475.88±924.43) mL, P=0.036) and hidden blood loss (1526.70±835.82 mL vs. (1147.94±930.10) mL, P=0.069), higher rate of major bleeding (38.46% vs. 15.38%, P=0.002); higher transfusion risk (15.38% vs. 9.89%, P=0.012); longer median operative time (98min vs. 77min, P=0.015); and longer median hospital stay (20 days vs. 12 days, P=0.000) in HA-THA group than in ONFH-THA group. Conclusion: The risk of perioperative blood loss and allogeneic transfusion is still high in unilateral HA-THA compared to ONFH-THA patients. Further research is needed on prophylactic and effective methods to reduce the risk of blood loss in HA-THA.

Under the new era background of hospital pharmaceutical service transformation， higher standards and requirements are constantly put forward for clinical pharmacists to participate in patient-centered pharmaceutical professional technical services. The formulation of competency standards has become an international trend. However, research on pharmacist competency is still lacking in China， there is a lack of core competency framework for clinical pharmacist. In order to improve the construction of pharmacist competency， Peking Union Medical College Hospital， China Medical Boar and Chinese Hospital Association Pharmaceutical Specialized Committee organized multidisciplinary experts in pharmacy, clinical medicine, education and administrators et al to formulate Expert Consensus on the Core Competency Framework of Chinese Clinical Pharmacist （ 2023） ， which based on domestic and foreign research results and clinical pharmacy practice experience in China. This specialist consensus adopts the modified Delphi method to formulate the core competency framework of Chinese clinical pharmacist, and determines six first-level item of core competencies that clinical pharmacist should have, including professionalism, knowledge and skill, patient care, communication and collaboration, teaching and lifelong learning. The six first-level item has twenty-three multiple second-level items, which are explained in detail. This consensus can provide an important basis and exploration direction for the training and ability enhancement of clinical pharmacist in China.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of central nervous system, characterized by optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, together with neuropathic pain. Limited by the lack of mature animal models, the mechanism of neuropathic pain in NMOSD is still unclear. Although some studies have reported neuropathic pain in NMOSD models, it is necessary to build a reliable and feasible animal model of NMOSD related neuropathic pain, which could provide scientific support for the mechanism and he mining of therapeutic targets. This article reviews research progress on the animal models of NMOSD related neuropathic pain. The prospects of ideal animal models and development tendencies are also described.

Bone is the most common metastatic site of advanced breast cancer. Bone related events caused by bone metastasis seriously affect the quality of life and survival time of patients. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of life and prolong the survival time of breast cancer patients with bone metastases, it is of great clinical value to deeply explore the occurrence and development mechanism of bone metastases, explore early diagnosis methods, and find abundant and effective treatment methods and drugs for bone metastases. This article mainly reviews the new research progress of bone metastasis of breast cancer from the aspects of molecular mechanism, imaging and biological diagnosis methods, systematic treatment, in order to provide more reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

With the increasing morbidity of gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (G-NENs), the understanding of clinicians about G-NENs is also deepening. However, there are still have many controversies regarding the diagnosis and treatment of GNENs. Therefore, this article reviews the current status of diagnosis and treatment of G-NENs, and discusses the existing controversies, aiming to provide reference for clinicians in standardized diagnosis and treatment.

Objective  The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between rs3797053 and rs10040443 polymorphisms of SPRY4 gene and idiopathic scoliosis in Chinese Han adolescents through a retrospective case-control study, so as to explore the risk factors or etiology of the disease.   Methods  A total of 197 subjects were included according to the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis diagnostic criteria, including 97 patients and 100 normal healthy subjects. Whole genome sequencing was used to detect the polymorphism of rs3797053 and rs10040443 in SPRY4 gene, and Logistic regression model was used to analyze the distribution of genotype, allele and carrier frequency (SPSS 25.0).   Results  There was no significant difference in the allele and genotype of SPRY4 rs3797053 in Chinese Han adolescent idiopathic scoliosis group compared with the healthy group (P=0.245, P=0.499). The frequency of SPRY4 rs10040443 C allele in AIS group was significantly higher than that in healthy group (17.5% vs 8.0%, P=0.005), and there was a significant difference between CC genotype and healthy group (P=0.014). The genotype distribution of this locus in AIS group was correlated with PUMC typing (P=0.001), and its genotype C/T+T/T was correlated with PUMC typeⅡ.   Conclusions  SPRY4 gene rs10040443 is associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Chinese Han population, and C allele may be a risk factor for this disease.