Breast cancer is one of the common diseases in women, and its mortality now ranks first among the female malignancies in China. Therefore, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment have become the focus of the treatment for breast diseases. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a standard treatment for locally progressive breast cancer, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is superior to ultrasonography, X-ray and clinical examination in evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. MRI can provide not only structural imaging, but also functional imaging. MRI dynamic contrast enhanced imaging, diffusion weighted imaging, perfusion weighted imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy have received extensive attention in the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy for breast cancer.

Preoperative neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is a routine treatment for rectal cancer. It helps to reduce rectal cancer staging, improve anus preservation rate, reduce local recurrence and achieve complete response. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) provides information of molecular function of tumor. It can be used to evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy treatment for rectal cancer. The value of DWI in preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy of patients with rectal cancer including monitoring early stage of therapy effect, tumor remnants, clinical and pathological response, as well as its limitations are focused in this review.

Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common carcinoma in the world, with a high mortality rate. The main reason is that it is difficult for early diagnose and accurate staging. The commonly used preoperative staging imaging tools can not meet the clinical needs. Therefore, the new technologies and new sequences of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), including diffusion weighted imaging-intravoxel incoherent motion(DWI-IVIM), T2-mapping, radial-VIBE, and T2-TSE-BLADE, have a great advantage in the preoperative T staging of resectable esophageal cancer.

The development of precision medicine has been the focus of medical field in the world. With the promotion of emerging biotechnology and information technology, pathology is experiencing subject redistribution and reconstruction. With the integratation of organ, tissue, cell, subcellular organelle and molecular complex, and with the combination of radiology, magnetic resonance and ultrasonic imaging, morphomics is established. At the same time, morphomics has established relevance with genomics and other molecular biology to establish connection between morphology and function, and has integrated with environmental, social and human factors to achieve molecular pathologic epidemiology based on large medical data analysis. It is believed that these developments will redefine the bridge role of the pathology in the coming era of precision medicine.

International Stroke Conference 2017 was held on Februrary 22-24, 2017 in Houston, USA. The use of antiplatelet agents in ischemic stroke has become the highlight of this conference, and results of several studies were presented during the conference. Triple antiplatelet therapy was not superior to guideline-recommended treatment in preventing recurrent strokes in patients who suffered a recent ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Ticagrelor showed stronger efficacy than aspirin in the prevention of recurrent acute stroke or TIA especifically related to ipsilateral atherosclerotic stenosis. The antiplatelet agent cilostazol was noninferior to aspirin in preventing vascular events in patients with a recent ischemic stroke and a history of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) or multiple microbleeds. Patients with mild acute ischemic stroke did not derive more benefit from initiating statins in the first 24 hours after stroke than a week after the event in a randomized controlled study. There was no significant correlation between head position and prognosis in the first 24 hours after stroke.

Clinicians are enthusiastically involved in etiologic research since they are paying more attention to the effect of etiology in management of disease in recent decades. However, there is a lack of understanding of the etiological view and etiologic research methods of clinical medical field. This article briefly introduces the etiologic concept, classification and research framework in epidemiology, in order to help clinicians to form a more integrated top-level design before the etiologic research.

Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a systemic inflammatory disease with recurrent episodes of erythema, pustules, fever and leukocytosis. Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) is an autoimmune disease between discoid lupus erythematosus and systemic lupus erythematosus.Coexistence of the two diseases is uncommon. Here we report a case of generalized pustular psoriasis combined with subacute skin lupus erythematosus. The clinical manifestations and laboratory results are presented and the possible reasons for coexistence are discussed.

Targeted therapy is an important component of the individualized precision medical treatment for abdominal tumors. It is especially effective in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, which is regarded as "a model of modern anti-cancer therapy". Radiology is the common method to evaluate the response of abdominal tumors to targeted therapy. The morphological bias is demonstrated in response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) because of the diverse change of post-treatment tumor tissue. The problem of enlarged tumor caused by necrosis and cystic degeneration was resolved by combination of Choi, mChoi, size and morphology(SACT), morphology, attenuation, size and structure(MASS), and CT values. The new technologies of positron emission tomography (PET), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), dynamic contrast enhanced magneticresonance imaging(DCE-MRI) and monochromatic CT, and a series of functional imaging parameters including standard uptake value (SUV), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), K^trans value and iodine concentration, provide potential surrogate for the prediction and early evaluation of tumors to targeted therapy. Texture analysis technique in radiology can further explore the radiological information, to provide rich quantitative parameters for response evaluation. The radiologists should strengthen the communication with clinicians and initiate cooperative research through multi-disciplinary team (MDT) patterns, actively explore new parameters and criteria to further improve the response prediction and evaluation of targeted therapy for abdominal tumors.

The surgical technique of colorectal surgery in China is developing rapidly, but it is far behind the western countries in the fields of specialization, standardization of diagnosis and treatment, clinical research and so on. Therefore, in the future, we should focus on strengthening the specialization of colorectal surgery, improving the standardization of diagnosis and treatment of colorectal diseases, boosting the standardization of colorectal surgery, and promoting application of minimally invasive surgery. More importantly, it's time to figure out how to conduct the surgical research related to Chinese patients with colorectal disease under the organization of national academic institutions, and obtain high-level "evidence-based medicine" research to form Chinese guidelines for surgical treatment of colorectal diseases. These guidelines can be used for surgical management of colorectal disease in China. Colorectal surgeons in China still have a long way to achieve the above-mentioned objectives.

Endometrial carcinoma is the most common gynecological malignancy in developed countries and the incidence is rising in China. The stage of the endometrial carcinoma at diagnosis plays an important role in treatment planning, and is correlated with prognosis. Accurate preoperative staging of the tumor is helpful for risk stratification before surgery, which is crucial for optimal personalized management and subsequent follow-up regiments. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has long been established as the most accurate noninvasive imaging modality for staging of endometrial carcinomas. And functional MRI techniques, providing more detailed characterization of tumors-vascularity, cellilarity and metabolism, are currently being intensively investigated all round the world. This review discusses the value of MRI in endometrial carcinoma.

Epilepsy is a common chronic disease of central nervous system with high disability rate and long duration, which is a medical and social public health problem urgently to be solved globally. In this context, the promotion of the clinical guidelines of epilepsy can help standardize the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy, and to achieve the goal of controlling seizures and improving the prognosis of patients. At present, there is a large gap in the recognition of this disease in different countries and regions, and the uneven distribution of health resources is still quite common. There is still a lot of room for improvement of clinical guidelines of epilepsy. In this paper, we summarize the latest clinical guidelines of epilepsy and provide an outlook of its future.

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common disease in middle-aged and old women. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of POP.Predisposing hereditary factor is an important risk factor for POP. The latest progress of genetic research in POP will be discussed in this article. Most studies focused on genes involved in the synthesis and degradation of connective tissue.The genetics of POP remain to be further explored since no definitive conclusions have been reached so far.