Abstract: Family members of bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) play an important role in mesoderm formation during embryonic development. They are also involved in angiogenesis, migration, and oxidative stress responses. The abnormal BMP signaling pathway results in a variety of cardiopulmonary vascular diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, and atherosclerosis. This review focused on the different functions of BMP signaling in several types of endothelial cells, and the differential regulation mechanism by BMP9/10 for the occurrence of pulmonary hypertension.