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摘要: 硼中子俘获疗法(Boron neutron capture therapy, BNCT)是一项处于快速发展中的先进放疗技术。该技术通过在癌细胞内发生的10B(n, α)7Li原子核反应杀死癌细胞，是一种原子级别的二元靶向治疗，其临床实施需要专业技术与装置支持。BNCT的核心要素包括适宜的中子源及中子俘获药物。相较于传统放疗技术，BNCT在治疗局部复发肿瘤(如中枢神经系统肿瘤和头颈部肿瘤)中优势突出，能够更好地保护正常器官，特别是对于已经对周围器官产生明显侵犯的肿瘤具有良好的应用前景。本文主要阐述BNCT的技术原理、核心要素及其临床应用，以期为临床诊疗提供参考。Abstract: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an advanced radiation therapy technique that is rapidly developing in the field of cancer treatment. This technique, an atomic-level binary targeted therapy, kills cancer cells by causing a 10B(n, α)7Li nuclear reaction within the cancer cells, and its clinical implementation requires professional technology and device support. The core elements of BNCT include appropriate neutron sources and neutron capture drugs. Compared with traditional radiotherapy techniques, BNCT shows outstanding advantages in treating locally recurrent tumors, such as central nervous system tumors and head and neck tumors. Furthermore, it can better protect normal organs, especially for tumors that have already significantly invaded surrounding organs, demonstrating its promising future prospects. This article mainly elaborates on the technical principles, core elements, and clinical applications of BNCT, in hope of providing reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.作者贡献：刘志凯负责设计论文框架，调研整理文献，撰写论文初稿及修订论文；程炜诗负责调研整理文献，参与撰写论文初稿及论文修订；吴王锁、梁天骄、邢庆子、张紫竹、刘志博、刘渊豪、潘建基、朱晒红、李晴暖、张福泉、邱杰负责调研整理文献；霍力负责指导修订、审核论文。利益冲突：所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突
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