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Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance of Isolates from Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 1990-2009
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摘要:目的 了解住院患者尿道细菌感染常见病原菌及其对抗菌药物的耐药性。方法 用纸片扩散法对1990-2009年北京协和医院住院患者尿道感染分离的4565株病原菌进行抗菌药物耐药监测。结果 20年来北京协和医院住院患者尿道感染以大肠埃希菌检出率最高(33%), 其次为粪肠球菌(12%)、屎肠球菌(8%)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(7%)、铜绿假单胞菌(6%)和肺炎克雷伯菌(6%)。2006-2009年产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(extended-spectrum beta-lac-tamases, ESBLs)的大肠埃希菌检出率为60%;大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南和厄他培南均100%敏感, 对环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星的耐药率为77.7%和76.4%。粪肠球菌对呋喃妥因和磷霉素的耐药率均低于10%。结论 住院患者尿道感染最常见的病原菌是大肠埃希菌, 且细菌耐药性呈增长趋势, 临床上应加强细菌耐药监测。Abstract:Objective To identify the common pathogens of urinary tract infections and the potential existence of drug resistance.Methods A total of 4565 clinical isolates from patients with urinary tract infections were collected in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1990 to 2009. Antimicrobial susceptibility was detected by disk diffusion method.Results The most common pathogen identified was E. coli (33%), followed by Enterococcus faecalis (12%), Enterococcus faecium (8%), coagulase negative staphylococcus (7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (6%). Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing strains in E. coli isolate was 60% from 2006 to 2009. Strains of E. coli and K. pneumoniae were still highly susceptible to imipenem, meropenem, and ertapenem. The resistance rates of E. coli strains to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were 77.7% and 76.4%, respectively. The resistance rates of E. faecalis to nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin were lower than 10%.Conclusion E. coli is the main cause of urinary tract infection. Bacterial resistance remains a major concern and more efforts should be made in the monitoring of drug resistance.
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Keywords:
- urinary tract infection /
- pathogenic bacterium /
- bacterial resistance
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世界初级创伤救治(Primary Trauma Care，PTC)理事会于2012年3月28日在阿根廷首都布宜诺斯艾利斯市召开了理事会议，来自卫生部医院管理研究所的阎赢主任和霍添琪，北京协和医院急诊科于学忠教授、王仲教授和麻醉科黄宇光教授出席了此次会议。会议回顾了PTC在全球近50个国家开展工作的情况，包括PTC在中国实施的成功经验。在卫生部医政司和医院管理研究所的领导下，PTC理事会与中国医师协会急诊医师分会、麻醉学医师分会联手合作，自2010年9月5日在中国成功启动PTC，至今已经在全国15个省份为2000多家医院培训了6000多名医学专业人员，取得了良好的培训效果。北京协和医院作为中国医师协会急诊医师分会和麻醉学医师分会的会长单位，为该项目做出了积极贡献。作为PTC理事，黄宇光教授代表中方团队介绍了PTC多学科全方位合作的中国模式。目前中国已经成为PTC项目培训在全球规模最大的国家，受到各位PTC理事和与会代表的好评。会议对如何促进PTC项目持续发展和相关教材的修订进行了讨论，并且决定PTC世界大会将于2013年在中国召开。
(卫生部医院管理研究所 霍添琪)
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期刊类型引用(1)
1. 屈建，刘高峰，朱珠，孙春华. 我国医院药学学科的建设与发展(下). 中国医院药学杂志. 2014(17): 1423-1433 . 
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