Abstract: Prophylactic human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination is an effective strategy to prevent HPV infection and reduce the incidence of HPV-related diseases.Current clinical trials and real-world studies globally have demonstrated that prophylactic HPV vaccines are safe, immunogenic, and exhibit robust protective efficacy and effectiveness.Priority vaccination is recommended for females aged 9-26 years, with a focus on girls aged 9-14 years.Additionally, vaccination is advised for females aged 27-45 years and males aged 9-26 years to promote gender-neutral prevention strategies.Prophylactic HPV vaccination is also recommended for high-risk and special populations, including individuals with HPV infection or cytological abnormalities, those with a history of HPV-related lesions, genetically susceptible populations, individuals with high-risk lifestyle behaviors associated with cervical cancer, and immunocompromised patients.Regular cervical cancer screening remains essential post-vaccination.