西藏地区女性人群HPV阳性情况分析

HPV Survey and Analysis of Women in Xizang

  • 摘要: 目的 探究西藏高海拔地区女性人群中人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的检出情况。方法 回顾性分析2019年3月至2023年7月期间,西藏自治区人民医院门诊、住院及健康体检女性人群的宫颈拭子HPV基因分型结果。结果 2019年3月-2023年7月,共接收女性宫颈拭子HPV基因分型标本6498份,其中藏族女性标本5440份,汉族女性标本1058份。西藏高海拔地区女性人群整体HPV阳性率19.58%(1272/6498),其中汉族女性HPV阳性率为29.30%(310/1058)明显高于藏族女性17.68%(962/5440)。最常见的HPV高危基因型为52型、16型、58型、53型,HPV低危型排名前三的为43型、81型、6型;其中高危型HPV16、52、39、66、51、68和58在汉、藏女性中阳性率存在显著差异(P<0.05)。HPV整体以单一阳性为主,占14.99%; HPV双重阳性率3.71%,常见HPV52型合并其他型别(68/241)和HPV16型合并其他型别阳性(53/241) ;三种及以上混合阳性占0.89%。藏族女性呈现出中间年龄段HPV阳性率低、25岁以下和60岁以上年龄段阳性率高(均大于30%)的“U”型趋势。2019至2023年间,HPV阳性率整体无明显变化。结论 西藏高海拔地区藏族女性与汉族女性HPV阳性率具有显著性差异,藏族女性中25岁以下和60岁以上年龄组HPV阳性率最高,应重点加强西藏高海拔地区年轻女性疫苗接种以及年轻女性、绝经后女性人群HPV筛查和诊治工作。

     

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the positive situation of human papillomavirus (HPV) among women in high-altitude areas of Xizang. Methods Retrospective analysis of cervical swab HPV genetyping results of the outpatient, inpatient and physical examination center women in the People's Hospital of Xizang Autonomous Region from March 2019 to July 2023. Results From March 2019 to July 2023, a total of 6,498 female cervical swab HPV genotyping specimens were received, including 5,440 Xizangan female specimens and 1,058 Han female specimens. The overall HPV positive rate of women in high-altitude areas of Xizang is 19.58% (1272/6498), the HPV positive rate of Han women is 29.30% (310/1058), which is significantly higher than that of Xizangan women 17.68% (962/5440). The most common high-risk HPV genotypes are types 52, 16, 58 and 53, and the top three low-risk types of HPV are 43, 81 and 6; there are significant differences in the positive rates of high-risk HPV16, 52, 39, 66, 51, 68 and 58 among Han and Xizangan women (P<0.05). Overall, HPV single positive is the main infection form, accounting for 14.99%; HPV double positive rate is 3.71%, common HPV52 combined with other types (68/241) and HPV16 combined with other types of positive (53/241); three or more mixed positives account for 0.89%. Xizangan women show a "U" trend with a low HPV positive rate in the middle age group and a high positive rate (all greater than 30%) in the age group under 25 and over 60. Between 2019 and 2023, there was no obvious change in the overall HPV positive rate. Conclusions There is a significant difference in the HPV positive rate of Xizangan women and Han women in high-altitude areas of Xizang. The HPV infection rate is highest among Xizangan women in the age group under 25 and over 60 years old. We should focus on strengthening the vaccination of young women in high-altitude areas in Xizang, as well as the screening and diagnosis and treatment of HPV in young women and postmenopausal women.

     

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