Abstract: This manuscript provides a comprehensive and systematic retrospective review of the developmental milestones achieved in the field of Radionuclide Drug Conjugates (RDC) in China, spanning the period from 2009 to May 2024.The development of Radionuclide Drug Conjugates (RDCs) stands as a testament to cross-disciplinary collaboration, merging the realms of diagnostics and therapy into a cohesive treatment approach.Endowed with an ability for precise tumor targeting, coupled with superior diagnostic sensitivity and therapeutic profile, RDC has solidified its status as a potent agent with extensive application potential within the medical field, particularly excelling in the domains of oncology treatment and diagnostics.This article discusses the overview, structure and classification of RDC drugs, the trend of clinical research and progress of clinical trials in China, the current status of drug development and policy support, with the aim of providing certain references for researchers in related fields to promote the further development and application of RDC drugs.