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摘要: 疼痛管理越来越受到临床医生的重视，疼痛也因此被列为第五大生命体征。传统镇痛药物作用时间有限，疼痛早期需密切监测、频繁用药才能降低慢性疼痛发生率，并达到满意的镇痛效果。因此，如何延长镇痛药物的作用时间成为疼痛领域的重要研究方向。从使用佐剂、开发衍生药物，到缓释药物载体的引进，超长效镇痛药物研发进程被不断推进，其临床应用亦逐渐成为现实。本文简述超长效镇痛药物研发策略，并以缓释镇痛药物为重点，介绍缓释药物载体在镇痛领域的研发进展及产品转化现状，以期为超长效镇痛药物后续研究提供参考。Abstract: Pain management, listed as the fifth vital sign, has gained increasing attention from clinicians. Conventional analgesics have limited duration, leading to intense monitor and frequent dosing during the early phase in order to prevent the progression of chronic pain. Thus, prolonging the duration of analgesics has become one focus of the pain research. Several strategies, such as adding adjuvants, producing derivatives, and applying extended-release carriers, make it possible for super long-acting analgesics to come into reality. This review briefly introduces the strategies and development of the super long-acting analgesics, including the successful translation and commercialization of the present products of super long-acting analgesics. It also summarizes the application and translation of extended-release drug carriers, providing invaluable reference for the future research on the field of super long-acting analgesics.作者贡献：贺渝淼、李默晗负责查阅文献、论文撰写及修订；马超、黄宇光负责选题设计、论文审校。利益冲突：所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突
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图 2 脂质体结构示意图
A.单层脂质体(单囊脂质体)；B.多层脂质体；C.多囊脂质体
Figure 2. The structural illustrations of liposome
A. unilamellar liposome; B. multilamellar liposome; C. multivesicular liposome
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