Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of clinical bacterial isolates in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) in 2019.
Methods The antimicrobial resistance of 11 404 non-duplicated common bacteria isolated from PUMCH during January 1 to December 31, 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.
Results In the totally 11 404 clinical isolates, Gram-negative bacilli and gram-positive cocci accounted for 63.8% (7276/11 404) and 36.2% (4128/11 404), respectively. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS) accounted for 18.9%(191/1009) and 77.3% (659/853), respectively, both of which had a high resistance rate to erythromycin (79.6%, 83.2%). Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis accounted for 38.2% (437/1143) and 54.6% (624/1143) in Enterococci, respectively; and the resistance rates to linezolid (0.2%, 0.3%), vancomycin (4.3%, 0.2%) and teicoplanin (3.0%, 0) were low. The detection rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, α -hemolytic Streptococcus, group A and group B β -hemolytic Streptococcus were 12.8% (130/1012), 37.9%(384/1012), 4.2% (43/1012) and 39.0% (395/1012) in Streptococcus, respectively. The resistance rates of all strains to erythromycin, azithromycin and clindamycin were more than 88.7% in Streptococcus pneumoniae and group β -hemolytic Streptococcus. Among the Enterobacteriaceae, the detection rates of carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae(CRE) and extensive drug resistance (XDR) strains in Klebsiella pneumoniae were 7.1%(308/4324) and 4.7% (60/1273), respectively. The resistance rates of Enterobacteriaceae to tigecycline, carbapenems and amikacin were low. Among the non-fermentative Gram negative bacilli, Acinetobacter baumannii had the lowest resistance rate to tigecycline (6.9%) and the highest resistance rate to piperacillin (93.3%); Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the lowest resistance rate to amikacin (4.5%) and the highest resistance rate to levofloxacin (22.6%). The detection rates of XDR strains in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 12.3% (117/949) and 1.8%(21/1137), repectively. Among Haemophilus influenzae, the positive rate of β-lactamase was 34.1%(45/132); the resistance rate to ampicillin was the highest (62.9%); the resistance rate to other antibiotics except chloramphenicol were 33.3%-48.4%.
Conclusions The common bacteria isolated from PUMCH in 2019 have different degrees of resistance to commonly used antibiotics, which may play a guiding role in the rational use and scientific management of antibiotics.