Interpretation on the Update of American Diabetes Association Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2019

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic non-infectious diseases. The American Diabetes Association publishes a new version of Diabetes Medical Standards every year that provides guidance for clinicians in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diabetes. The latest version was released in December 2018. This article interprets some of the updated contents in this edition of the Standards for reference, including Diabetic medications especially for patients with arteriosclerosis cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, or heart failure, choices of injectable hypoglycemic agents, goals of blood pressure control, and the use of aspirin.