Clinical Features and Prognosis of Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Renal Malignancies

  Objective  To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) in patients with renal carcinoma.

  Methods  The clinical data and follow-up results of 464 patients with surgically and pathologically confirmed renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were retrospectively reviewed.

  Results  Of these RCC cases, PNS was identified in 156 patients (33.6%) and manifested as anemia (26.3%, 41/156), hypertension (24.4%, 38/156), fever (21.8%, 34/156), polycythemia (19.2%, 30/156), Stauffer's syndrome (17.3%, 27/156), fatigue, weight loss, and anorexia (15.4%, 24/156), high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (12.8%, 20/156), leukocytosis (8.3%, 13/156), hypercalcemia (5.1%, 8/156). The average diameter of tumors was 5.5 cm in these 156 patients and was 4.7 cm in the remaining patients (P < 0.01).

  Conclusion  The incidence of RCC is about 33.6% in patients with renal carcinoma, and the morbidity may be associated with the tumor stages.