Establishment and Evaluation of the Prevention and Control System of Respiratory-borne Diseases

  Objective  The aim of this study is to establish a hospital-based prevention and control system of respiratory-borne diseases for seasonal influenza and to verify the effect.

  Methods  Influenza cases reported by Peking Union Medical College Hospital in the three flu seasons from November 2017 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the location of occurrence, the influenza cases are divided into hospital influenza cases and non-hospital influenza cases. The incidence of hospital influenza cases before and after the implementation of the prevention and control system of respiratory diseases were compared.

  Results  A total of 5427 influenza cases that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for this study. Among them, there were 335 cases (6.17%, 335/5427) of hospital influenza and 5092 cases (93.83%, 5092/5427) of non-hospital influenza. There were 1594 influenza cases(29.37%, 1594/5427) in the 2017—2018 influenza season, 2579 cases(47.52%, 2579/5427) in the 2018—2019 influenza season, and 1254 cases(23.11%, 1254/5427) in the 2019—2020 influenza season.The incidence of hospital influenza of the 2019—2020 influenza season (3.51%) is much lower than those of the 2017—2018 influenza season (7.59%) and 2018—2019 influenza season (6.59%) (P < 0.001).There was no statistical difference between the 2017—2018 influenza season and 2018—2019 influenza season (P > 0.05). Compared with the 2017—2018 influenza season and 2018-2019 influenza season, the relative risk (RR) of hospital influenza cases in the 2019—2020 influenza season is 0.53 (95% CI: 0.39-0.74) and 0.46 (95% CI: 0.33-0.65), respectively.

  Conclusion  Hospital-based prevention and control system of seasonal influenza may effectively prevent influenza cases from appearing in hospital.