Abstract: Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are a kind of neuroendocrine neoplasm(NEN)and mostly benign. However, the hyper function of adenohypophysis and the compression to surrounding tissues and organs are often seriously presented in macroadenomas. The standardized diagnosis and treatment of PAs by multidisciplinary team is important. In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) revised the pathological diagnosis classification of PAs for the fourth time. High risk PAs and refractory PAs are still challenge in clinical diagnosis and treatment. The mechanism and potential therapeutic target of PAs need to be further revealed. The pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis and treatment of pituitary adenomas were reviewed.