Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance has become a severe challenge worldwide. In China, due to misunderstanding the function of antimicrobials, antimicrobial drugs are abused by the public. The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems has risen to 71.4%. Facing such a severe problem, it is urgent to strengthen the control of antimicrobials. With the awareness and action of the government, this situation has partially improved. Rational use of antimicrobials is becoming more and more accepted by the public. The resistance rate of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria to carbapenems becomes stable, mostly < 10%, and the rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has greatly reduced from 69% to 38.4%. But it is still necessary to strengthen the management of antimicrobials and take effective measures to prevent resistance and to achieve the grand goal of a healthy China.