Abstract: Neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) is a heterogeneous group of tumors characterized by neuroendocrine differentiation. Most of the tumor cells show high-level expression of the somatostatin receptor (SSTR), which provides an important target for molecular imaging and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). This area has become a research hotspot at home and abroad in recent years. In addition, rapid progress and new breakthroughs have been made in clinical translation and application continuously. This article reviewed the new advances in SSTR-targeted nuclear molecular imaging and PRRT, and summarized their main advantages and important values in the diagnosis and treatment of NEN, in hope of giving relevant professional doctors a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.