Abstract: Breast cancer is one of the common diseases in women, and its mortality now ranks first among the female malignancies in China. Therefore, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment have become the focus of the treatment for breast diseases. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a standard treatment for locally progressive breast cancer, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is superior to ultrasonography, X-ray and clinical examination in evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. MRI can provide not only structural imaging, but also functional imaging. MRI dynamic contrast enhanced imaging, diffusion weighted imaging, perfusion weighted imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy have received extensive attention in the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy for breast cancer.