Objective To preliminarily evaluate the safety and efficacy of coaxial biopsy needle combined with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) system in patients undergoing percutaneous biopsy of splenic lesions.

Methods This single-arm prospective study enrolled splenic lesions patients indicated for splenic lesion biopsy.All patients successfully underwent ultrasound-guided biopsy, immediately followed by RFA of the needle tract.Baseline characteristics of patients were recorded.The technical success rate and the incidence of complications were assessed.Occurrence of complications such as bleeding, infection, and pain were observed immediately after the procedure, as well as at follow-up period postoperatively.

Results A total of 21 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study, including 16 males (76.2%) and5 females (23.8%).The patients' ages ranged from 15 to 82 years, with an average age of (59.5±15.2) years.All patients successfully completed the biopsy and needle tract ablation, with a success rate of 100%.Mild bleeding occurred in 3 patients (14.3%), and no moderate to severe bleeding or other serious complications were observed.No needle tract seeding was detected during the follow-up period.

Conclusion The coaxial biopsy and RFA system is safe and effective in percutaneous biopsy of splenic lesions, providing a new safe and effective option for patients undergoing percutaneous biopsy of splenic lesions.