Abstract: Objective To investigate the current research landscape, hotspots, and frontiers in the relationship between oral microbiota and digestive system diseases. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection database with the themes of "oral microbiota" and "digestive system diseases." Data mining and analysis were performed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the "bibliometrix" package in R. Results A total of 1,228 eligible articles were included. Analysis revealed that research on the correlation between oral microbiota and digestive system diseases will remain a global hotspot. Academic institutions dominated the publications, with centralized institutional distribution and team-based collaboration, though overall collaboration networks remained fragmented. Geographically, the United States emerged as the leading contributor, followed by China and the United Kingdom. While China-U.S. collaborations were prominent, China’s engagement with other regions remained limited. Current research hotspots focus on the interplay between oral microbiota and gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and digestive system tumors. Conclusions Research in this field demonstrates high activity and diversity. Studies on the associations of oral microbiota with gut microbiota, IBD, and digestive system tumors (particularly esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers) remain prominent. Future studies should prioritize elucidating underlying mechanisms and innovating in biomarker discovery and application. However, insufficient collaboration and resource-sharing among institutions currently hinder progress in this field.