大语言模型在中医药领域的应用、挑战与前景

Application, Challenges, and Prospects of Large Language Model in the Field of Traditional Chinese Medicine

  • 摘要: 随着人工智能与医学交叉领域的快速发展, 大语言模型(large language model, LLM)在诊疗、医药、康养等领域被广泛应用。LLM在中医药领域独具优势, 不仅与中医"四诊合参"理念高度契合, 还有效结合了中医药自然语言处理与"自监督"学习技术, 同时适应中药复方特色, 为中医诊疗提供了有力支持。目前已开发"岐黄问道大模型"、数字中医大模型"GLM-130B"等多种LLM, 然而, LLM在中医药领域的应用也面临一系列挑战, 包括价值不符与医学滥用风险、对模型可解释性的需求日益增加、技术层面有待进一步提升, 以及国内政策准入等方面的限制。本文就LLM发展史、在中医药领域的独特优势及应用、存在问题与挑战、未来发展趋势等进行综述, 以期为LLM在中医学领域的进一步推广提供参考。

     

    Abstract: With the rapid development of the interdisciplinary area of artificial intelligence and medicine, large language model (LLM) has been widely used in the fields such as diagnosis and treatment, medicine, and healthcare. LLM has unique advantages in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), such as high consistency with the "Four Diagnostic Methods", perfect combination of natural language and self-supervised learning in TCM, the ability to adapt to the characteristics TCM formulas, and the assistance in TCM diagnosis and treatment. At present, various LLM models have been developed, including the "Qihuang Ask Big Model" and the Digital Traditional Chinese Medicine Big Model "GLM-130B", but they still face challenges such as value mismatch and medical abuse, increased demand for interpretability, lack of advanced technology, and domestic policy access. This article reviews the evolution of LLM, its unique advantages and applications in the field of TCM, the problems and challenges, and the future development trends, in order to providereference for the further promotion of LLM in traditional medicine.

     

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