Abstract: In September 2021, Eur Heart J published the 2021 ESC Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure, making important updates to the 2016 version. In the new guidelines, myocarditis is identified as a special clinical condition in heart failure that should be given more attention than before. Based on the current clinical practice of myocarditis management in China, this article aims to provide a comprehensive interpretation of the myocarditis section in the new guidelines, with the hope of improving the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.