Abstract: Localized scleroderma is a rare auto-immune disorder characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the skin and subcutaneous fat in the affected area, leaving aesthetic impairment to the patients.Such patients often seek plastic surgery for the treatment. This article summarizes the pathophysiology and preoperative evaluation of localized scleroderma, discusses the progress and clinical dilemma of its surgical treatment, and shares the opinions on the diagnosis and treatment of a single center in Peking Union Medical College Hospital.