Abstract: Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination is a primary preventive measure and an effective method to prevent HPV infection and the related diseases. Its effect in young women is better, and the immune efficacy of vaccination for teenagers before sexual exposure is the best. HPV vaccine is not only suitable for the general population, but also recommended for high-risk and special groups. HPV vaccination should be recommended for women at the appropriate age with genetic susceptibility, high-risk lifestyle, or HIV infection. No matter whether they have HPV infection or abnormal cytology, women of appropriate ages can be vaccinated. Women with a pregnancy plan in the near future and pregnant or lactating women should not be vaccinated. Recommendation of cervical cancer screening should be carried out after HPV vaccination.