Abstract: In the 1940s, Wu Ying-kai and Harold H. Loucks set up a multi-branch cooperation group on esophageal cancer in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and the earliest exploration of surgical treatment for esophageal cancer was carried out in China.This paper reviewed the experience and historical significance of the first operation of esophageal cancer resection and reconstruction in China and summarized the experience of Wu Ying-kai and Harold H.Loucks on perioperative management of esophageal cancer surgery and optimization of the esophageal anastomosis.