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Differential Diagnosis between Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Interstitial Pneumonia
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摘要: 2019年12月以来，我国陆续出现新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019，COVID-19)病例，主要表现为发热、干咳、呼吸困难、外周血白细胞不高、淋巴细胞降低以及肺内阴影。国家卫生健康委在短期内连续7次修订诊疗方案，足以说明该病诊疗难度之大。部分COVID-19患者影像学表现为双肺弥漫性间质改变，与临床中所见的某些间质性肺炎相似。在当前全球COVID-19疫情形势仍极为严峻的情况下，需与某些急性或急进性间质性肺炎进行鉴别诊断，既要防止漏诊，又要防止因误诊而贻误原发病的治疗。本文将COVID-19与北京协和医院历年收治的多种间质性肺炎进行比较，提出了鉴别诊断思路。Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in China in late 2019, which was manifested as fever, cough, dyspnea, normal level of white blood cells, decreased blood lymphocytes, and pulmonary opacities on CT scans. National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China has revised the recommendations on COVID-19 seven times, but there are still many challenges in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19. The radiological findings in a proportion of patients revealed diffuse interstitial opacities, mimicking interstitial pneumonia. Thus it is essential to differentiate the COVID-19 from the acute and progressive diffuse interstitial lung diseases in order to avoid misdiagnosis or overdiagnosis. Therefore, our study compared COVID-19 with interstitial pneumonia and tried to explore the differential diagnostic algorithm.利益冲突 无
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图 1 新冠肺炎患者胸部CT表现
A.病例1，35岁女性，起病第5天，胸部CT显示双肺散在片状磨玻璃影；B.病例1起病第10天，胸部CT显示病变范围增大、密度增高，以胸膜下分布为主的磨玻璃影和实变影；C.病例1起病第14天(治疗后)，胸部CT显示肺内阴影吸收，遗留胸膜下为主的磨玻璃影、索条影和胸膜下线；D.病例2，52岁男性，起病第2天胸部CT显示以胸膜下为主，部分沿支气管血管束分布的广泛磨玻璃影；E.病例2起病第13天(治疗后)，胸部CT显示实变影和索条影；F.病例3，56岁男性，起病第10天胸部CT显示双肺胸膜下为主的磨玻璃影及网格影(铺路石征)；G.病例3起病第14天(治疗后)，胸部CT显示病变吸收，遗留磨玻璃影和索条影；H.病例4，34岁男性，起病第10天胸部CT显示双肺弥漫性磨玻璃影和实变影，病变沿支气管血管束和胸膜下分布；I.病例4起病第14天(治疗后)肺内阴影显著吸收
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