试论循证医学的哲学基础

张越伦; 吴东; 李乃适; 刘晓清

doi:10.12290/xhyxzz.2021-0266

试论循证医学的哲学基础

doi: 10.12290/xhyxzz.2021-0266

张越伦^{1, 2},
吴东^{1, 3},
李乃适^{1, 4},
刘晓清^{1, 5, ,}

1.
中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院临床流行病学教研室, 北京 100730
2.
中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院医学科学研究中心, 北京 100730
3.
中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院消化内科, 北京 100730
4.
中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院内分泌科, 北京 100730
5.
中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院感染内科, 北京 100730

基金项目:

中国医学科学院北京协和医学院教学课题研究生教材建设《临床研究方法》 10023201600109

详细信息

通讯作者:
刘晓清电话：010-69155087，E-mail：liuxq@pumch.cn

中图分类号: R181;B01
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- 文章访问数: 301
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- PDF下载量: 54
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-17
- 录用日期: 2021-04-30
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-30

Philosophical Basis of Evidence-based Medicine

ZHANG Yuelun^{1, 2},
WU Dong^{1, 3},
LI Naishi^{1, 4},
LIU Xiaoqing^{1, 5
, ,}

1.
Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
2.
Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
3.
Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
4.
Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
5.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China

Funds:

Peking Union Medical College Educational Research Grant for Postgraduate Textbook Development 10023201600109

More Information

Corresponding author: LIU Xiaoqing Tel: 86-10-69155087, E-mail: liuxq@pumch.cn

摘要

摘要: 本文在哲学认识论的框架内探讨循证医学的哲学基础。在相当长的历史时期中，医学实践主要遵循理性推理。随着医学研究方法学的进步与发展，纯粹基于理性的医学实践开始受到质疑。循证医学将研究证据置于决策的中心地位，因此其哲学基础是经验论。然而，循证医学并未将经验论与理性绝对对立起来，正如经验论并不完全否认理性的作用，当严谨的系统性观察经验缺如时，循证医学主张应基于理性思维进行推理，由此获得的知识也可用于决策。无论是基于严谨的系统性观察经验还是理性推理进行决策，其终极目的都应使患者从医疗实践中受益。
- 循证医学 /
- 哲学 /
- 认识论 /
- 唯理论 /
- 经验论
Abstract: In this essay, we discussed the philosophical basis of evidence-based medicine regarding epistemology.Medical practice mainly has been following rational reasoning for a long period of time. However, developments of modern epidemiology call rational reasoning in medicine into question. Evidence-based medicine endorses the central role of research evidence in decision-making. Therefore, its philosophical basis should be empiricism rather than rationalism. As empiricism does not completely exclude rationality from knowledge, evidence-based medicine does not use research evidence as a "one-size-fits-all" approach and claims that decisions can be based on rationality knowledge when lacking empirical observations. No matter what philosophical basis of evidence-based medicine is, the ultimate goal should always be achieving the largest benefits for patients in medical practice.
- evidence-based medicine /
- philosophy /
- epistemology /
- rationalism /
- empiricism
注释:

作者贡献：张越伦负责撰写文章；吴东、李乃适负责修订文章；刘晓清负责审校文章。

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参考文献(38)

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试论循证医学的哲学基础

doi: 10.12290/xhyxzz.2021-0266

通讯作者:
刘晓清电话：010-69155087，E-mail：liuxq@pumch.cn

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Philosophical Basis of Evidence-based Medicine

Corresponding author: LIU Xiaoqing Tel: 86-10-69155087, E-mail: liuxq@pumch.cn

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试论循证医学的哲学基础

doi: 10.12290/xhyxzz.2021-0266

通讯作者: 刘晓清 电话：010-69155087，E-mail：liuxq@pumch.cn

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出版历程

Philosophical Basis of Evidence-based Medicine

Corresponding author: LIU Xiaoqing Tel: 86-10-69155087, E-mail: liuxq@pumch.cn

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出版历程

目录

通讯作者:
刘晓清电话：010-69155087，E-mail：liuxq@pumch.cn