中国精英教学医院联盟住院医师规范化培训通识教育实施专家共识

Expert Consensus on the Implementation of General Education in Standardized Residency Training by the China Consortium of Elite Teaching Hospitals

  • 摘要: 住院医师通识教育是连接院校教育与毕业后教育的重要纽带,对于培养具备综合胜任力的临床医师具有重要价值。然而,当前我国住院医师规范化培训(简称“住倍”)中通识教育尚缺乏系统性实施框架。为此,中国精英教学医院联盟成立共识制订工作组,制订了“住院医师规范化培训通识教育实施专家共识”。该共识通过文献分析、院校经验调研、德尔菲法及问卷调查等方法,明确住院医师通识教育的概念内涵,确立了实施通识教育的四项核心原则,并构建“住培基地-专业基地-临床科室”三级联动的组织管理体系,提出了涵盖职业素养、沟通合作、病人照护、教学能力和终身学习五大维度的教育内容框架。共识建议采用集中式培训与嵌入式日常实践相结合的实施路径,并推荐开设《医学伦理学与职业精神》等十门核心课程。在评价方面,引入CIPP(Context, Input, Process, and Product)评估模型对通识教育体系进行系统监测与持续改进。本共识旨在为住培基地提供通识教育体系建设的理论依据与实践指南,从而推动我国住院医师综合素质的系统提升。

     

    Abstract: General education for residents serves as a critical bridge between undergraduate medical education and postgraduate training, playing an essential role in cultivating clinically competent physicians. However, a systematic implementation framework for general education is currently lacking in China's standardized residency training programs. To address this gap, the China Consortium of Elite Teaching Hospitals for Residency Education established a consensus development working group and formulated this expert consensus on the implementation of general education in standardizd residency training. Through literature review, institutional experience surveys, the Delphi method, and multi-center questionnaire investigations, the consensus clarifies the conceptual connotation of general education for residents, establishes four core principles for its implementation, and constructs a three-tier organizational management system linking residency training bases, specialty bases, and clinical departments. It proposes an educational content framework encompassing five key dimensions:professionalism, communication and collaboration, patient care, teaching ability, and lifelong learning. The consensus recommends an implementation pathway that combines centralized training with embedded daily practice, and suggests offering ten core general education courses, induding "Medical Ethics and Professionalism". For evaluation purposes, the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model is introduced to facilitate systematic monitoring and continuous improvement of the general education system. This consensus aims to provide a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for residency training bases in developing their general education systems, thereby promoting the systematic enhancement of residents' comprehensive competencies in China.

     

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