摘要:
预防性人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)疫苗接种是预防HPV感染的有效方法,可降低HPV感染相关疾病的发生。目前国内外临床试验及真实世界研究均表明,预防性HPV疫苗接种是安全的,具有很好的免疫原性、保护效力和保护效果。优先推荐9~26岁女性接种HPV疫苗,重点是9~14岁女孩;同时,推荐27~45岁女性和9~26岁男性接种,倡导男女共防。对于HPV感染或细胞学异常人群、HPV相关病变治疗史人群、遗传易感人群、子宫颈癌发病高风险生活方式人群,以及免疫功能低下人群均推荐预防性HPV疫苗接种。接种HPV疫苗后仍应定期进行子宫颈癌筛查。
Abstract:
Prophylactic human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination is an effective strategy to prevent HPV infection and reduce the incidence of HPV-related diseases. Current clinical trials and real-world studies globally have demonstrated that prophylactic HPV vaccines are safe, immunogenic, and exhibit robust protective efficacy and effectiveness. Priority vaccination is recommended for females aged 9-26 years, with a focus on girls aged 9-14 years. Additionally, vaccination is advised for females aged 27-45 years and males aged 9-26 years to promote gender-neutral prevention strategies. Prophylactic HPV vaccination is also recommended for high-risk and special populations, including individuals with HPV infection or cytological abnormalities, those with a history of HPV-related lesions, genetically susceptible populations, individuals with high-risk lifestyle behaviors associated with cervical cancer, and immunocompromised patients. Regular cervical cancer screening remains essential post-vaccination.
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