Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Peking Union Medical College Hospital 2013

  Objective  To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from clinical samples in Peking Union Medical College Hospital in 2013.

  Methods  A total of 7236 nonduplicate clinical isolates were collected from January 1 to December 31, 2013. Disk diffusion test (Kirby-Bauer method) and automated systems were employed to test the antimicrobial resistance of these isolates. The data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 software and judged according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline 2013.

  Results  Of the 7236 nonduplicate clinical isolates, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 71.1% (5147) and 28.9% (2089), respectively. Methicillin-resistant Staphalococcus aureus(MRSA) accounted for 34.9% (244/700) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(MRCNS) accounted for 67.2% (123/183) of Staphalococcus aureus isolates. No staphylococcus strains resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin, or linezolid were detected. A few strains of Enterococcus faecium were found resistant to vancomycin and teicoplanin. No linezolid-resistant enterococcus strains were found. Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing strains accounted for 49.5% (698/1410), 25.4% (235/925) and 22.6% (30/133) in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species (K.pneumoniae and K.oxytoca) and Proteus mirabilis, respectively. The Enterobacteriaceae strains were still highly sensitive to carbapenems, with only 1.5%-2.3% resistant to carbapenems. The resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem and meropenem were 19.4% and 15.6%, respectively. The resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to these two antimicrobials were 70.9% and 72.0%, respectively. The prevalence of pan-resistant strains in Acinetobacter baumannii was 42.9% (306/714).

  Conclusions  Antimicrobial resistance is still a serious problem, especially pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. It is mandatory to take effective measures controlling nosocomial infection and ensuring rational antimicrobial use.