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摘要: 细菌耐药已成为全球共同面临的严峻挑战。在我国, 由于公众对抗菌药物的认识存在误区, 抗菌药物不合理使用现象较为普遍, 导致细菌耐药率升高, 其中鲍曼不动杆菌对碳青霉烯类药物的耐药率已上升至71.4%。面对如此严峻的形势, 加强对抗菌药物的管控迫在眉睫。随着政府相关部门对细菌耐药问题的重视及合理使用抗菌药的观念渐入人心, 细菌耐药状况得到部分改善, 如肠杆菌科细菌对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药性较稳定, 大多 < 10%;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的检出率亦由69%降至38.4%。未来仍需加强抗菌药物管控, 继续采取有效措施, 积极践行遏制细菌耐药行动, 为实现健康中国的目标而奋斗。Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance has become a severe challenge worldwide. In China, due to misunderstanding the function of antimicrobials, antimicrobial drugs are abused by the public. The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems has risen to 71.4%. Facing such a severe problem, it is urgent to strengthen the control of antimicrobials. With the awareness and action of the government, this situation has partially improved. Rational use of antimicrobials is becoming more and more accepted by the public. The resistance rate of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria to carbapenems becomes stable, mostly < 10%, and the rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has greatly reduced from 69% to 38.4%. But it is still necessary to strengthen the management of antimicrobials and take effective measures to prevent resistance and to achieve the grand goal of a healthy China.
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Key words:
- antimicrobial drug resistance /
- measures of control
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[1] O'Neill J.Tackling drug-resistant infections globally: final report and recommendations[R/OL]. http://apo.org.au/node/63983. [2] WHO.Antimicrobial resistance: gloabal report on surveill-ance 2014[EB/OL]. http://www.who.int/drugresistance/documents/surveillancereport/en/. [3] WHO.Global priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to guide research, discovery, and development of new antibiotics[EB/OL]. http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/WHO-PPL-Short_Summary_25Feb-ET_NM_WHO.pdf. [4] 胡付品, 郭燕, 朱德妹, 等.2016年中国CHINET细菌耐药性监测[J].中国感染与化疗杂志, 2017, 17:481-491. [5] 汪复, 朱德妹, 胡付品, 等.2008年中国CHINET细菌耐药性监测[J].中国感染与化疗杂志, 2009, 9:321-329. [6] 张小江, 张辉, 杨启文, 等.世界卫生组织关注的临床重要细菌耐药变迁:北京协和医院10年数据分析[J].协和医学杂志, 2018, 9:48-53. [7] 王磊, 曹巍.全球抗生素耐药性现状分析及对策建议[J].军事医学, 2017, 41:329-333. [8] 国家卫生和计划生育委员会.中国抗菌药物管理和细菌耐药现状报告[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社, 2017. [9] WHO.United Nations meeting on antimicrobial resistance[EB/OL].https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/94/9/16-020916/en/. [10] 国家卫生健康委员会.中国抗菌药物管理和细菌耐药现状报告[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社, 2018. -
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