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摘要: 随着肿瘤免疫学的迅速发展, 免疫治疗逐渐引起肿瘤治疗领域专家的重视, 相关研究为晚期肿瘤患者提供了新的治疗机会。以程序性死亡受体1及其配体、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂是目前晚期肿瘤临床治疗的研究热点, 已有多种免疫检查点抑制剂获得美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于晚期肿瘤免疫治疗, 其不仅安全性高, 且在晚期黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌、肾癌、尿路上皮癌、非霍奇金淋巴瘤中展现出令人振奋的治疗效果, 有效延长了患者生存期。嵌合抗原受体T细胞疗法也是目前免疫治疗领域的明星产品之一, 对急性白血病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤等血液系统恶性肿瘤展现出强大持久的治疗效果, 以Simpuleucel-T为代表的肿瘤疫苗曾一度成为肿瘤免疫治疗里程碑式的成功范例。肿瘤免疫治疗已取得了突破性进展, 研究前景不可估量。
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关键词:
- 肿瘤 /
- 免疫治疗 /
- 程序性死亡受体1 /
- 程序性死亡受体配体1 /
- 嵌合抗原受体T细胞疗法
Abstract: With the rapid development of tumor immunology, immunotherapy for malignant tumors is becoming a research focus, offering an effective opportunity for the treatment of patients with advanced tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as programmed cell death 1 receptor/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 antibody and CTLA-4 antibody, are an important research hotspot of immunotherapy for advanced cancers. FDA has approved some immune checkpoint antibodies for the treatment of advanced metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, uroepithelium carcinoma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and the efficacy and safety for above tumors has been confirmed. In addition, chemiric antigen receptor T-cell therapy treatment showed a strong and persistent therapeutic effect for hematologic malignancy, as another successful case of immunotherapy. Cancer vaccine such as Simpuleucel-T was also another milestone in the development of tumor immunotherapy. Currently, immunotherapy for malignant tumors is presenting a promising future. -
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