Excitatory-inhibitory Imbalance and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Mechanism and Treatment Progress
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摘要: 孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder, ASD)是世界上患病率增长最快的神经发育障碍,该病具有显著的遗传异质性,给临床治疗带来了巨大挑战。研究表明,中枢神经系统的兴奋-抑制(excitatory-inhibitory,E-I)失衡可能是ASD的重要发病机制之一,在多种ASD动物模型中进行神经环路E-I失衡调节,能够改善模型动物的孤独症样行为。相关临床试验将E-I失衡作为ASD的治疗靶点,恢复特定皮质区域原有的E-I平衡状态,能够对ASD患者起到一定的治疗作用。本文就E-I失衡在ASD中的作用机制及E-I失衡调节剂治疗ASD的研究进展作一综述,以期为ASD的临床诊疗提供新思路。Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is becoming one of the fastest growing neurodevelopmen-tal disorders around the world, yet its clinical treatment still faces challenge due to the heterogeneity in etiology and symptom phenotypes. It is believed that excitatory-inhibitory (E-I) imbalance in the central nervous system may play an important role in the pathogenic mechanisms of ASD. E-I imbalances in synaptic transmission and neural circuits are frequently observed in different animal models of ASD, and the corresponding reversion normalizes the autism-like behaviors in these animals. Some E-I modulators have been tested for their therapeutic potential on ASD patients with encouraging results. This article expounds the mechanism of E-I imbalance in ASD and E-I imbalance regulators treatment progress, to provide new insights on the therapeutic targets for ASD.作者贡献:石岳负责文献检索及论文撰写;朱波、黄宇光负责论文设计及修订。利益冲突:所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突
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