[1]
|
Weisberg LA. Clinical characteristics of transient ischemic attacks in black patients[J]. Neurology, 1991, 41: 1410-1414. doi: 10.1212/WNL.41.9.1410 |
[2]
|
Qureshi AI, Safdar K, Patel M, et al. Stroke in young black patients. Risk factors, subtypes, and prognosis[J]. Stroke, 1995, 26: 1995-1998. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.26.11.1995 |
[3]
|
Sacco RL, Kargman DE, Gu Q, et al. Race-ethnicity and determinants of intracranial atherosclerotic cerebral infarction. The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study[J]. Stroke, 1995, 26: 14-20. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.26.1.14 |
[4]
|
Wityk RJ, Lehman D, Klag M, et al. Race and sex differences in the distribution of cerebral atherosclerosis[J]. Stroke, 1996, 27: 1974-1980. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.27.11.1974 |
[5]
|
Wong LK. Global burden of intracranial atherosclerosis[J]. Int J Stroke, 2006, 1: 158-159. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2006.00045.x |
[6]
|
Gorelick PB, Wong KS, Bae HJ, et al. Large artery intracranial occlusive disease: a large worldwide burden but a relatively neglected frontier[J]. Stroke, 2008, 39: 2396-2399. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.505776 |
[7]
|
Wang Y, Zhao X, Liu L, et al. Prevalence and outcomes of symptomatic intracranial large artery stenoses and occlusions in China: the Chinese Intracranial Atherosclerosis (CICAS) Study[J]. Stroke, 2014, 45: 663-669. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.003508 |
[8]
|
Lange MC, Ribas G, Scavasine V, et al. Stroke recurrence in the different subtypes of ischemic stroke. The importance of the intracranial disease[J]. Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 2018, 76: 649-653. doi: 10.1590/0004-282x20180095 |
[9]
|
Chimowitz MI, Lynn MJ, Derdeyn CP, et al. Stenting versus aggressive medical therapy for intracranial arterial stenosis[J]. N Engl J Med, 2011, 365: 993-1003. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1105335 |
[10]
|
Zaidat OO, Fitzsimmons BF, Woodward BK, et al. Effect of a balloon-expandable intracranial stent vs medical therapy on risk of stroke in patients with symptomatic intracranial stenosis: the VISSIT randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA, 2015, 313: 1240-1248. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.1693 |
[11]
|
Gao P, Wang T, Wang D, et al. Effect of Stenting Plus Medical Therapy vs Medical Therapy Alone on Risk of Stroke and Death in Patients With Symptomatic Intracranial Stenosis: The CASSISS Randomized Clinical Trial[J]. JAMA, 2022, 328: 534-542. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.12000 |
[12]
|
Brinjikji W, Huston J, 3rd, Rabinstein AA, et al. Contemporary carotid imaging: from degree of stenosis to plaque vulnerability[J]. J Neurosurg, 2016, 124: 27-42. doi: 10.3171/2015.1.JNS142452 |
[13]
|
Yang B, Ma Y, Wang T, et al. Carotid Endarterectomy and Stenting in a Chinese Population: Safety Outcome of the Revascularization of Extracranial Carotid Artery Stenosis Trial[J]. Transl Stroke Res, 2021, 12: 239-247. doi: 10.1007/s12975-020-00835-8 |
[14]
|
Moossy J. Morphology, sites and epidemiology of cerebral atherosclerosis[J]. Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis, 1966, 41: 1-22. |
[15]
|
Velican C. Studies on the age-related changes occurring in human cerebral arteries[J]. Atherosclerosis, 1970, 11: 509-529. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(70)90029-8 |
[16]
|
Masuoka T, Hayashi N, Hori E, et al. Distribution of internal elastic lamina and external elastic lamina in the internal carotid artery: possible relationship with atherosclerosis[J]. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo), 2010, 50: 179-182. doi: 10.2176/nmc.50.179 |
[17]
|
Portanova A, Hakakian N, Mikulis DJ, et al. Intracranial vasa vasorum: insights and implications for imaging[J]. Radiology, 2013, 267: 667-679. doi: 10.1148/radiol.13112310 |
[18]
|
Galili O, Herrmann J, Woodrum J, et al. Adventitial vasa vasorum heterogeneity among different vascular beds[J]. J Vasc Surg, 2004, 40: 529-535. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2004.06.032 |
[19]
|
Kim YD, Choi HY, Cho HJ, et al. Increasing frequency and burden of cerebral artery atherosclerosis in Korean stroke patients[J]. Yonsei Med J, 2010, 51: 318-325. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2010.51.3.318 |
[20]
|
Sylaja P, Pandian JD, Kaul S, et al. Ischemic stroke profile, risk factors, and outcomes in India: the Indo-US Collaborative Stroke Project[J]. Stroke, 2018, 49: 219-222. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.018700 |
[21]
|
Bang OY, Saver JL, Liebeskind DS, et al. Impact of metabolic syndrome on distribution of cervicocephalic atherosclerosis: data from a diverse race-ethnic group[J]. J Neurol Sci, 2009, 284: 40-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2009.03.033 |
[22]
|
Dearborn JL, Zhang Y, Qiao Y, et al. Intracranial atherosclerosis and dementia: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study[J]. Neurology, 2017, 88: 1556-1563. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003837 |
[23]
|
Hurford R, Wolters FJ, Li L, et al. Prognosis of asymptomatic intracranial stenosis in patients with transient ischemic attack and minor stroke[J]. JAMA neurology, 2020, 77: 947-954. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.1326 |
[24]
|
Leng X, Hurford R, Feng X, et al. Intracranial arterial stenosis in Caucasian versus Chinese patients with TIA and minor stroke: two contemporaneous cohorts and a systematic review[J]. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2021, 92: 590-597. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-325630 |
[25]
|
Liu M, Sariya S, Khasiyev F, et al. Genetic determinants of intracranial large artery stenosis in the northern Manhattan study[J]. J Neurol Sci, 2022, 436: 120218. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120218 |
[26]
|
Wu S, Wu B, Liu M, et al. Stroke in China: advances and challenges in epidemiology, prevention, and manage-ment[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2019, 18: 394-405. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30500-3 |
[27]
|
Gutierrez J, Turan TN, Hoh BL, et al. Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2022, 21: 355-368. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00376-8 |
[28]
|
Pasterkamp G, Schoneveld AH, van Wolferen W, et al. The impact of atherosclerotic arterial remodeling on percent-age of luminal stenosis varies widely within the arterial system. a postmortem study[J]. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 1997, 17: 3057-3063. doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.17.11.3057 |
[29]
|
Gutierrez J, Goldman J, Honig LS, et al. Determinants of cerebrovascular remodeling: do large brain arteries accommodate stenosis?[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2014, 235: 371-379. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.925 |
[30]
|
Wabnitz AM, Derdeyn CP, Fiorella DJ, et al. Hemody-namic markers in the anterior circulation as predictors of recurrent stroke in patients with intracranial stenosis[J]. Stroke, 2019, 50: 143-147. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.020840 |
[31]
|
Yu W, Jiang WJ. Stenting for intracranial stenosis: potential future for the prevention of disabling or fatal stroke[J]. Stroke Vasc Neurol, 2018, 3: 140-146. doi: 10.1136/svn-2018-000158 |
[32]
|
Kleindorfer DO, Towfighi A, Chaturvedi S, et al. 2021 Guideline for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association[J]. Stroke, 2021, 52: e364-e467. |
[33]
|
Kern R, Steinke W, Daffertshofer M, et al. Stroke recurrences in patients with symptomatic vs asymptomatic middle cerebral artery disease[J]. Neurology, 2005, 65: 859-864. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000175983.76110.59 |
[34]
|
Jung JM, Kang DW, Yu KH, et al. Predictors of recurrent stroke in patients with symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis[J]. Stroke, 2012, 43: 2785-2787. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.659185 |
[35]
|
Fox KA, Mehta SR, Peters R, et al. Benefits and risks of the combination of clopidogrel and aspirin in patients undergoing surgical revascularization for non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome: the Clopidogrel in Unstable angina to prevent Recurrent ischemic Events (CURE) Trial[J]. Circulation, 2004, 110: 1202-1208. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000140675.85342.1B |
[36]
|
Steinhubl SR, Berger PB, Mann JT, et al. Early and sustained dual oral antiplatelet therapy following percutane-ous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial[J]. JAMA, 2002, 288: 2411-2420. doi: 10.1001/jama.288.19.2411 |
[37]
|
Markus HS, Droste DW, Kaps M, et al. Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin in symptomatic carotid stenosis evaluated using doppler embolic signal detection: the Clopidogrel and Aspirin for Reduction of Emboli in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis (CARESS) trial[J]. Circulation, 2005, 111: 2233-2240. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000163561.90680.1C |
[38]
|
Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhao X, et al. Clopidogrel with aspirin in acute minor stroke or transient ischemic attack[J]. N Engl J Med, 2013, 369: 11-19. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1215340 |
[39]
|
Turan TN, Cotsonis G, Lynn MJ, et al. Relationship between blood pressure and stroke recurrence in patients with intracranial arterial stenosis[J]. Circulation, 2007, 115: 2969-2975. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.622464 |
[40]
|
Turan TN, Makki AA, Tsappidi S, et al. Risk factors associated with severity and location of intracranial arterial stenosis[J]. Stroke, 2010, 41: 1636-1640. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.584672 |
[41]
|
Bose A, Hartmann M, Henkes H, et al. A novel, self-expanding, nitinol stent in medically refractory intracranial atherosclerotic stenoses: the Wingspan study[J]. Stroke, 2007, 38: 1531-1537. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.106.477711 |
[42]
|
Fiorella D, Levy EI, Turk AS, et al. US multicenter experience with the wingspan stent system for the treatment of intracranial atheromatous disease: periprocedural results[J]. Stroke, 2007, 38: 881-887. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000257963.65728.e8 |
[43]
|
Miao Z, Jiang L, Wu H, et al. Randomized controlled trial of symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis: endovascular versus medical therapy in a Chinese population[J]. Stroke, 2012, 43: 3284-3290. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.662270 |
[44]
|
Gao P, Zhao Z, Wang D, et al. China Angioplasty and Stenting for Symptomatic Intracranial Severe Stenosis (CASSISS): A new, prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial in China[J]. Interv Neuroradiol, 2015, 21: 196-204. doi: 10.1177/1591019915581778 |
[45]
|
Miao Z, Zhang Y, Shuai J, et al. Thirty-Day Outcome of a Multicenter Registry Study of Stenting for Symptomatic Intracranial Artery Stenosis in China[J]. Stroke, 2015, 46: 2822-2829. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.010549 |
[46]
|
Miao Z, Song L, Liebeskind DS, et al. Outcomes of tailored angioplasty and/or stenting for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis: a prospective cohort study after SAMMPRIS[J]. J Neurointerv Surg, 2015, 7: 331-335. doi: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2014-011109 |
[47]
|
Zhang L, Huang Q, Zhang Y, et al. Wingspan stents for the treatment of symptomatic atherosclerotic stenosis in small intracranial vessels: safety and efficacy evaluation[J]. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 2012, 33: 343-347. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A2772 |
[48]
|
Li J, Zhao ZW, Gao GD, et al. Wingspan stent for high-grade symptomatic vertebrobasilar artery atherosclerotic stenosis[J]. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol, 2012, 35: 268-278. doi: 10.1007/s00270-011-0163-5 |
[49]
|
Yu J, Wang L, Deng J, et al. Treatment of symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis with a normal-sized Gateway balloon and Wingspan stent[J]. J Int Med Res, 2010, 38: 1968-1974. doi: 10.1177/147323001003800610 |
[50]
|
Chimowitz MI, Lynn MJ, Derdeyn CP, et al. Stenting versus aggressive medical therapy for intracranial arterial stenosis[J]. N Engl J Med, 2011, 365: 993-1003. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1105335 |
[51]
|
Derdeyn CP, Chimowitz MI, Lynn MJ, et al. Aggressive medical treatment with or without stenting in high-risk patients with intracranial artery stenosis (SAMMPRIS): the final results of a randomised trial[J]. Lancet, 2014, 383: 333-341. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62038-3 |
[52]
|
Luo J, Wang T, Gao P, et al. Endovascular treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: current debates and future prospects[J]. Front Neurol, 2018, 9: 666. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00666 |
[53]
|
Wang Y, Wang T, Dmytriw AA, et al. Safety of endovascular therapy for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis: a national prospective registry[J]. Stroke Vasc Neurol, 2022, 7: 166-171. doi: 10.1136/svn-2021-000979 |
[54]
|
Gao P, Wang D, Zhao Z, et al. Multicenter Prospective Trial of Stent Placement in Patients with Symptomatic High-Grade Intracranial Stenosis[J]. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 2016, 37: 1275-1280. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A4698 |
[55]
|
Qureshi AI, Caplan LR. Intracranial atherosclerosis[J]. Lancet, 2014, 383: 984-998. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61088-0 |
[56]
|
Romano JG, Prabhakaran S, Nizam A, et al. Infarct Recurrence in Intracranial Atherosclerosis: Results from the MyRIAD Study[J]. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 2021, 30: 105504. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105504 |
[57]
|
Del Brutto VJ, Liebeskind DS, Romano JG, et al. Risk Factors Control and Early Recurrent Cerebral Infarction in Patients with Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease[J]. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 2021, 30: 105914. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105914 |
[58]
|
März W, Dippel FW, Theobald K, et al. Utilization of lipid-modifying therapy and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal attainment in patients at high and very-high cardiovascular risk: Real-world evidence from Germany[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2018, 268: 99-107. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.11.020 |
[59]
|
Assmann G, Benecke H, Neiss A, et al. Gap between guidelines and practice: attainment of treatment targets in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia starting statin therapy. Results of the 4E-Registry (Efficacy Calculation and Measurement of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events including Physicians' Experience and Evaluation)[J]. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil, 2006, 13: 776-783. doi: 10.1097/01.hjr.0000189805.76482.6e |
[60]
|
Wang AY, Chang CH, Chen CC, et al. Leave Nothing Behind: Treatment of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease with Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty[J]. Clin Neuroradiol, 2021, 31: 35-44. doi: 10.1007/s00062-020-00935-w |
[61]
|
Jiang WJ, Cheng-Ching E, Abou-Chebl A, et al. Multicenter analysis of stenting in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis[J]. Neurosurgery, 2012, 70: 25-30; discussion 31. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e31822d274d |
[62]
|
Wang ZL, Gao BL, Li TX, et al. Severe symptomatic intracranial internal carotid artery stenosis treated with intracranial stenting: a single center study with 58 patients[J]. Diagn Interv Radiol, 2016, 22: 178-183. doi: 10.5152/dir.2015.15191 |
[63]
|
SSYLVIA Study Investigators. Stenting of Symptomatic Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Vertebral or Intracranial Arteries (SSYLVIA): study results[J]. Stroke, 2004, 35: 1388-1392. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000128708.86762.d6 |
[64]
|
Inoue T, Node K. Molecular basis of restenosis and novel issues of drug-eluting stents[J]. Circ J, 2009, 73: 615-621. doi: 10.1253/circj.CJ-09-0059 |
[65]
|
Neumann FJ, Sousa-Uva M, Ahlsson A, et al. 2018 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization[J]. Eur Heart J, 2019, 40: 87-165. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy394 |
[66]
|
Jia B, Zhang X, Ma N, et al. Comparison of Drug-Eluting Stent With Bare-Metal Stent in Patients With Symptomatic High-grade Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial[J]. JAMA Neurol, 2022, 79: 176-184. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.4804 |
[67]
|
Pfisterer M, Brunner-La Rocca HP, Buser PT, et al. Late clinical events after clopidogrel discontinuation may limit the benefit of drug-eluting stents: an observational study of drug-eluting versus bare-metal stents[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2006, 48: 2584-2591. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2006.10.026 |
[68]
|
Wang Y, Ma Y, Gao P, et al. First Report of Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty for Vertebral Artery Origin Stenosis[J]. JACC Cardiovasc Interv, 2018, 11: 500-502. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2017.09.040 |
[69]
|
Wang Y, Feng Y, Wang T, et al. Drug-coated balloon for vertebral artery origin stenosis: a pilot study[J]. J Neurointerv Surg, 2021, 13: 827-830. doi: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2020-016723 |