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Multimodal Strategy of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Management as A Key Component of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery: Summary of the Fourth Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
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摘要: 术后恶心呕吐(postoperative nausea and vomiting，PONV)是手术常见并发症之一，不利于患者术后康复。预防PONV是麻醉管理的重要内容，同样也是加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery，ERAS)的重要组成部分，随着ERAS理念的不断更新与发展，医务人员对PONV的认识、预防和处理不断完善。2020年8月，《第四版术后恶心呕吐管理指南》发布，该指南针对PONV提出了多模式整体管理策略，主要内容包括成人和儿童PONV危险因素识别、风险分层、预防措施以及补救治疗。本文对该指南的重点内容进行详细解读，以期为成人及儿童PONV的规范化管理提供临床借鉴。Abstract: Postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) is one of the common complications after surgery and unfavourable for postoperative recovery. As an important part of anesthesia, the management of PONV is also a part of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS). With the continuous renewal and development of ERAS concept, the understanding, prevention and treatment of PONV have been improved among medical workers. In August 2020, the Fourth Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting was released. This guideline has been updated for the overall management of PONV to provide multimodal management strategies, which mainly include recognition of risk factors, risk stratification, prevention measures and remedial treatment of PONV in adults and children. With a view to providing clinical reference for the standardized management of PONV in adults and children, this paper makes a detailed interpretation of the key points and updated contents of the guidelines.作者贡献：张乐负责查阅文献，撰写初稿；宋锴澄、申乐负责修订论文。利益冲突：无
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